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to commute

  • 1 aestimō (older aestumō）

       aestimō (older aestumō） āvī, ātus, āre,    to determine the value of, estimate, value, rate, appraise: argentum: quanti haec signa aestimentur?: mancipia tanto pluris, L.: tritici modios singulos ternis denariis: haec aestimate pecuniā, estimate in money: aliquid tenuissime, at the lowest figure: sestertium ad triciens litem: Catoni sestertium octo milibus lis aestimata est, damages are assessed against: ea lis L. talentis aestimata est, N.: arbitri, qui litem aestument, Cs. — In criminal law: litem aestimare, to assess a penalty: in litibus aestimandis: de pecuniis repetundis litem; also, to commute a fine: ut lis haec capitis aestimaretur, that this capital charge be commuted: lites maiestatis. — Fig., to estimate, value, rate, weigh, hold, esteem: expendunt et aestimant voluptates, they weigh and rate their pleasures: sicut ego existimo, according to my estimate, S.: Volgus ex veritate pauca aestimant, value according to truth: aliquem ex artificio comico, according to his art as a comedian: amicitias non ex re, sed ex commodo, S.: virtutem annis, according to age, H.: aliquid per se, according to its own importance, L.: aliquos pro sociis, non pro hostibus, to regard as, Cu.: quanti est aestimanda virtus? valued: magni pecuniam, attach great value to: alqd parvi, L.: alqd minoris, N.: maximi alqd: sapientiam non magno: aestimare aliquid vitā, as dear as life, Cu.: illa multo gravius, Cs.: levius tempestates, Cs.: iuste aliquem, Cu.

    Latin-English dictionary > aestimō (older aestumō）

  • 2 minuo

    mĭnŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. and n. [Sanscr. mi, lessen, change; Gr. minuô, minuthô; cf.: meiôn = minor; Germ. minder, vermindern].
    I.
    Act., to make smaller, to lessen, diminish; lit. and trop.
    A.
    Lit. (rare and mostly poet.):

    ramaliaque arida tecto Detulit, et minuit,

    broke in pieces, Ov. M. 8, 645:

    ligna,

    to chop into small pieces, id. F. 2, 647:

    portarum objectus,

    to dash in pieces, Stat. Th. 10, 526:

    dentes in limine,

    id. ib. 10, 47:

    sanguinem,

    to let blood, Veg. Vet. 1, 16, 2;

    in the same signif., simply minuere,

    id. ib. 1, 22, 1.—
    B.
    Trop., to lessen, diminish, lower, reduce, weaken, abate, restrict (very freq. and class.):

    imperium matris,

    Plaut. As. 3, 1, 6:

    sumptus civitatum,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    (rem familiarem),

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 177:

    gradum,

    Quint. 2, 3, 7:

    gloriam alicujus,

    Cic. Fl. 12, 28:

    molestias vitae,

    id. Fin. 1, 16, 51:

    cupiditates,

    id. ib.:

    invidiam,

    id. Agr. 1, 5, 14:

    opem,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 33:

    auctoritatem,

    id. B. C. 3, 43:

    minuuntur corporis artus,

    grow less, diminish in size, Ov. M. 7, 317:

    minuuntur corpora siccis,

    Plin. 11, 54, 118, § 283:

    consul alter proelio uno et vulnere suo minutus,

    discouraged, Liv. 21, 52, 2 (al. deminutus):

    suspicionem profectionis,

    Cic. Att. 10, 16, 4:

    controversias,

    to settle, put an end to, Caes. B. G. 5, 26:

    minuenda est haec opinio,

    to be refuted, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 72:

    magistratum, censuram,

    to restrict the power of, to limit, Liv. 4, 24:

    majestatem populi Romani per vim,

    to violate, offend against, Cic. Phil. 1, 9, 21:

    matris imperium,

    Plaut. As. 3, 1, 6:

    religionem,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 8:

    nec tu ea causa minueris Haec quae facis, ne is mutet suam sententiam,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 19:

    consilium,

    to alter, change, id. Hec. 4, 3, 10:

    condemnationem,

    to commute, Gai. Inst. 3, 224; 4, 57.—
    II.
    Neutr., to diminish, grow less:

    minuente aestu,

    at the ebbing of the tide, Caes. B. G. 3, 12, 1:

    minuente lunā,

    waning, Pall. 3, 24; Sedul. 1, 243; cf.:

    crescentis minuentisque sideris species,

    Plin. 37, 10, 67, § 181.—Hence, mĭnūtus, a, um, P. a. (diminished; hence), little, small, minute (class.).
    A.
    Lit.: pueri minuti (opp. majores), Varr. ap. Non. 141, 18: id [p. 1148] omnes magni minutique, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 45.—Of things:

    litterae,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 68:

    minuta ac brevia folia,

    Plin. 12, 24, 53, § 111:

    ossa,

    Lucr. 1, 835:

    opuscula,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 38, 120:

    itinera,

    Suet. Aug. 82:

    aere minuto qualiacumque somnia vendere,

    Juv. 6, 546:

    facies minutae,

    miniature portraits, id. 14, 291.— Comp.:

    minutior ac mage pollens,

    Lucr. 4, 318.— Sup.:

    minutissimis ictibus excarnificatus,

    Suet. Vit. 17:

    res,

    little things, trifles, Cic. Clu. 64, 180:

    res minutissimae et contemptibiles,

    Aug. Conf. 10, 35, 4:

    aves,

    Col. 8, 5, 10.—
    B.
    Trop., petty, paltry, insignificant.
    1.
    Of persons:

    alii minuti et angusti,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

    philosophi,

    id. Div. 1, 30, 62:

    imperatores,

    id. Brut. 73, 256:

    plebes,

    Phaedr. 4, 6, 13.—
    2.
    Of things: canto carmina versibus minutis, Poët. ap. Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 4:

    genus orationis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:

    minuti est animi voluptas ultio,

    Juv. 13, 189.— Hence, subst.: mĭnūtum, i, n., the smallest piece of money, a mite, farthing:

    novissimum reddere,

    Vulg. Luc. 12, 59; cf.:

    aes minutum,

    id. ib. 21, 2.— Plur.
    (α).
    The little (opp. longa), Calp. Ecl. 5, 7.—
    (β).
    Minutes, points, very small parts, Amm. 20, 3, 2; Gram. Vet. p. 374, 11.—
    (γ).
    Comp.:

    illa minutiora,

    those less important matters, Aur. Vict. Epit. 48, 18.—Hence, adv., in two forms.
    1.
    mĭnūtē, into small or fine pieces, finely, minutely (class.).
    A.
    Lit.:

    sal minute tritus,

    Col. 6, 17, 7:

    minutissime commolere,

    id. 12, 28, 1:

    historia minutissime scripta,

    in an extremely small hand, Sen. Ep. 95, 2.—
    B.
    Trop.
    (α).
    In a petty or paltry manner:

    res minutius tractare,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 3, 7.—
    (β).
    Minutely, closely, accurately:

    minutius et scrupulosius scrutantur omnia,

    Quint. 5, 14, 28.—
    2.
    mĭnūtim, into small pieces, finely, minutely (ante-class. and post-Aug.):

    concidere,

    Cato, R. R. 123:

    scoria minutim fracta,

    Plin. 34, 18, 51, § 171; Gell. 17, 8, 2.—
    B.
    With short steps, trippingly:

    equus ambulans,

    Veg. Vet. 1, 56, 39:

    deambulare,

    id. ib. 2, 53, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > minuo

  • 3 minutum

    mĭnŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. and n. [Sanscr. mi, lessen, change; Gr. minuô, minuthô; cf.: meiôn = minor; Germ. minder, vermindern].
    I.
    Act., to make smaller, to lessen, diminish; lit. and trop.
    A.
    Lit. (rare and mostly poet.):

    ramaliaque arida tecto Detulit, et minuit,

    broke in pieces, Ov. M. 8, 645:

    ligna,

    to chop into small pieces, id. F. 2, 647:

    portarum objectus,

    to dash in pieces, Stat. Th. 10, 526:

    dentes in limine,

    id. ib. 10, 47:

    sanguinem,

    to let blood, Veg. Vet. 1, 16, 2;

    in the same signif., simply minuere,

    id. ib. 1, 22, 1.—
    B.
    Trop., to lessen, diminish, lower, reduce, weaken, abate, restrict (very freq. and class.):

    imperium matris,

    Plaut. As. 3, 1, 6:

    sumptus civitatum,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    (rem familiarem),

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 177:

    gradum,

    Quint. 2, 3, 7:

    gloriam alicujus,

    Cic. Fl. 12, 28:

    molestias vitae,

    id. Fin. 1, 16, 51:

    cupiditates,

    id. ib.:

    invidiam,

    id. Agr. 1, 5, 14:

    opem,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 33:

    auctoritatem,

    id. B. C. 3, 43:

    minuuntur corporis artus,

    grow less, diminish in size, Ov. M. 7, 317:

    minuuntur corpora siccis,

    Plin. 11, 54, 118, § 283:

    consul alter proelio uno et vulnere suo minutus,

    discouraged, Liv. 21, 52, 2 (al. deminutus):

    suspicionem profectionis,

    Cic. Att. 10, 16, 4:

    controversias,

    to settle, put an end to, Caes. B. G. 5, 26:

    minuenda est haec opinio,

    to be refuted, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 72:

    magistratum, censuram,

    to restrict the power of, to limit, Liv. 4, 24:

    majestatem populi Romani per vim,

    to violate, offend against, Cic. Phil. 1, 9, 21:

    matris imperium,

    Plaut. As. 3, 1, 6:

    religionem,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 8:

    nec tu ea causa minueris Haec quae facis, ne is mutet suam sententiam,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 19:

    consilium,

    to alter, change, id. Hec. 4, 3, 10:

    condemnationem,

    to commute, Gai. Inst. 3, 224; 4, 57.—
    II.
    Neutr., to diminish, grow less:

    minuente aestu,

    at the ebbing of the tide, Caes. B. G. 3, 12, 1:

    minuente lunā,

    waning, Pall. 3, 24; Sedul. 1, 243; cf.:

    crescentis minuentisque sideris species,

    Plin. 37, 10, 67, § 181.—Hence, mĭnūtus, a, um, P. a. (diminished; hence), little, small, minute (class.).
    A.
    Lit.: pueri minuti (opp. majores), Varr. ap. Non. 141, 18: id [p. 1148] omnes magni minutique, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 45.—Of things:

    litterae,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 68:

    minuta ac brevia folia,

    Plin. 12, 24, 53, § 111:

    ossa,

    Lucr. 1, 835:

    opuscula,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 38, 120:

    itinera,

    Suet. Aug. 82:

    aere minuto qualiacumque somnia vendere,

    Juv. 6, 546:

    facies minutae,

    miniature portraits, id. 14, 291.— Comp.:

    minutior ac mage pollens,

    Lucr. 4, 318.— Sup.:

    minutissimis ictibus excarnificatus,

    Suet. Vit. 17:

    res,

    little things, trifles, Cic. Clu. 64, 180:

    res minutissimae et contemptibiles,

    Aug. Conf. 10, 35, 4:

    aves,

    Col. 8, 5, 10.—
    B.
    Trop., petty, paltry, insignificant.
    1.
    Of persons:

    alii minuti et angusti,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

    philosophi,

    id. Div. 1, 30, 62:

    imperatores,

    id. Brut. 73, 256:

    plebes,

    Phaedr. 4, 6, 13.—
    2.
    Of things: canto carmina versibus minutis, Poët. ap. Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 4:

    genus orationis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:

    minuti est animi voluptas ultio,

    Juv. 13, 189.— Hence, subst.: mĭnūtum, i, n., the smallest piece of money, a mite, farthing:

    novissimum reddere,

    Vulg. Luc. 12, 59; cf.:

    aes minutum,

    id. ib. 21, 2.— Plur.
    (α).
    The little (opp. longa), Calp. Ecl. 5, 7.—
    (β).
    Minutes, points, very small parts, Amm. 20, 3, 2; Gram. Vet. p. 374, 11.—
    (γ).
    Comp.:

    illa minutiora,

    those less important matters, Aur. Vict. Epit. 48, 18.—Hence, adv., in two forms.
    1.
    mĭnūtē, into small or fine pieces, finely, minutely (class.).
    A.
    Lit.:

    sal minute tritus,

    Col. 6, 17, 7:

    minutissime commolere,

    id. 12, 28, 1:

    historia minutissime scripta,

    in an extremely small hand, Sen. Ep. 95, 2.—
    B.
    Trop.
    (α).
    In a petty or paltry manner:

    res minutius tractare,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 3, 7.—
    (β).
    Minutely, closely, accurately:

    minutius et scrupulosius scrutantur omnia,

    Quint. 5, 14, 28.—
    2.
    mĭnūtim, into small pieces, finely, minutely (ante-class. and post-Aug.):

    concidere,

    Cato, R. R. 123:

    scoria minutim fracta,

    Plin. 34, 18, 51, § 171; Gell. 17, 8, 2.—
    B.
    With short steps, trippingly:

    equus ambulans,

    Veg. Vet. 1, 56, 39:

    deambulare,

    id. ib. 2, 53, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > minutum

См. также в других словарях:

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  • Commute — Com*mute (k[o^]m*m[=u]t ), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Commuted}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Commuting}.] [L. commutare, mutatum; com + mutare to change. See {Mutation}.] 1. To exchange; to put or substitute something else in place of, as a smaller penalty,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Commute — Com*mute , v. i. 1. To obtain or bargain for exemption or substitution; to effect a commutation. [1913 Webster] He . . . thinks it unlawful to commute, and that he is bound to pay his vow in kind. Jer. Taylor. [1913 Webster] 2. To pay, or arrange …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • commute — com·mute /kə myüt/ vt com·mut·ed, com·mut·ing 1: to convert (as a payment) into another form 2: to change (a penalty) to one less severe esp. out of clemency compare pardon com·mu·ta·tion /ˌkä myə tā shən/ n …   Law dictionary

  • commute — [v1] travel to work drive, go back and forth, take the bus/subway/train; concept 224 commute [v2] reduce punishment alleviate, curtail, decrease, mitigate, modify, remit, shorten, soften; concepts 236,247,317 Ant. increase, lengthen commute [v3 …   New thesaurus

  • commute a sentence — See: commutation Category: Criminal Law Category: Small Claims Court & Lawsuits Nolo’s Plain English Law Dictionary. Gerald N. Hill, Kathleen Thompson Hill. 2009 …   Law dictionary

  • commute — (v.) mid 15c., from L. commutare to often change, to change altogether, from com , intensive prefix (see COM (Cf. com )), + mutare to change (see MUTABLE (Cf. mutable)). Sense of make less severe is 1630s. Sense of go back and forth to work is… …   Etymology dictionary

  • Commute — Commute, commutation or commutative may refer to: Commuting, the process of travelling between a place of residence and a place of work Commutative property, a property of a mathematical operation Commutation of sentence, a reduction in severity… …   Wikipedia

  • commute — ► VERB 1) travel some distance between one s home and place of work on a regular basis. 2) reduce (a judicial sentence, especially a sentence of death) to a less severe one. 3) change (one kind of payment or obligation) for (another). DERIVATIVES …   English terms dictionary

  • commute — [kə myo͞ot′] vt. commuted, commuting [ME commuten < L commutare, to change < com , intens. + mutare, to change: see MISS1] 1. to change (one thing) for or into another; exchange; substitute 2. to change (an obligation, punishment, etc.) to… …   English World dictionary

  • commute — v. 1) (D; intr.) ( to travel regularly ) to commute between; from; to (to commute between two cities; to commute from the suburbs to the city) 2) (D; tr.) ( to change ) to commute to (the Governor commuted his death sentence to life imprisonment) …   Combinatory dictionary

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